A longitudinal change of syndecan-1 predicts risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome and cumulative fluid balance in patients with septic shock: a preliminary study

Kajita, Yuka; Terashima, Tsuguaki; Mori, Hisatake; Islam, Md. Monirul; Irahara, Takayuki; Tsuda, Masanobu; Kano, Hideki; Takeyama, Naoshi

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to investigate the time course of syndecan-1 (Syn-1) plasma levels, the correlation between Syn-1 and organ damage development, and the associations of Syn-1 level with cumulative fluid balance and ventilator-free days (VFD) in patients with septic shock. METHODS: We collected blood samples from 38 patients with septic shock upon their admission to ICU and for the first 7 days of their stay. Syn-1 plasma level, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), other organ damage, VFD, and cumulative fluid balance were assessed daily. RESULTS: Over the course of 7 days, Syn-1 plasma levels increased significantly more in patients with ARDS than in those without ARDS. Patients with high levels of Syn-1 in the 72 h after ICU admission had significantly higher cumulative fluid balance, lower PaO(2)/FiO(2), and fewer VFD than patients with low levels of Syn-1. Syn-1 levels did not correlate with sequential organ failure assessment score or with APACHE II score. CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort of patients with septic shock, higher circulating level of Syn-1 of cardinal glycocalyx component is associated with more ARDS, cumulative positive fluid balance, and fewer VFD. Measurement of Syn-1 levels in patients with septic shock might be useful for predicting patients at high risk of ARDS. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40560-021-00543-x.