A Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Therapies in High-Risk patients with Mild to Moderate COVID-19 disease at a Single Academic Hospital

Farcy, David A; Dalley, Michael T; Miro, Grethel; Swalley, Paige; Sherman, Dana; Nash, Joel; Jodoin, Kathleen; Cubeddu, Luigi X.; Zitek, Tony; Goldszer, Robert

BACKGROUND: Bamlanivimab and casirivimab/imdevimab are recombinant neutralizing monoclonal antibodies which decrease viral load in patients with COVID-19 and may decrease hospitalizations. Little data exist comparing these two therapies. OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy and safety of bamlanivimab to casirivimab/imdevimab in emergency department (ED) patients with COVID-19 who meet criteria for monoclonal antibody therapy. METHODS: We performed a single-center, open-label, prospective study in adult ED patients with confirmed COVID-19 and high-risk features for hospitalization. Enrolled patients received bamlanivimab or casirivimab/imdevimab, depending upon the day of the week which they arrived. We observed patients for post-infusion related reactions and contacted them on days 5, 10 and 30. The primary outcome was the number of hospitalizations through day 30. Additionally, we compared groups with regards to return visits to the ED, symptom improvement, antibody-induced adverse events, and deaths. RESULTS: Between December 17, 2020 and January 17, 2021, 321 patients completed the study. We found no statistically significant difference in the rate of subsequent hospitalization between groups: bamlanivimab 18/201 (8.9%) and casirivimab/imdevimab 13/120 (10.8%), p-value = 0.57. Additionally, we found no statistically significant differences between groups regarding return visits to the ED or symptom improvement. One patient had a possible adverse reaction to the treatment, and one patient died. Both of these events occurred in the bamlanivimab group. CONCLUSION: We found no statistically significant differences in rates of subsequent hospitalization or other outcomes for ED patients with COVID-19 when they received bamlanivimab as opposed to casirivimab/imdevimab. Adverse events were rare in both groups.