COVID-19 manifestations in people with Parkinson’s disease: a USA cohort

Xu, Yaqian; Surface, Matthew; Chan, Amanda K.; Halpern, Joshua; Vanegas-Arroyave, Nora; Ford, Blair; Feeney, Megan P.; Kwei, Kimberly T.; Katus, Linn E.; Kuo, Sheng-Han; Shah, Hiral; Waters, Cheryl; Winfield, Linda M.; Beck, James C.; Przedborski, Serge; Fahn, Stanley; Alcalay, Roy N.

BACKGROUND: With the explosion of COVID-19 globally, it was unclear if people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) were at increased risk for severe manifestations or negative outcomes. OBJECTIVES: To report on people with PD who had suspected or confirmed COVID-19 to understand how COVID-19 manifested in PD patients. METHODS: We surveyed PD patients who reported COVID-19 to their Movement Disorders specialists at Columbia University Irving Medical Center and respondents from an online survey administered by the Parkinson’s Foundation that assessed COVID-19 symptoms, general clinical outcomes and changes in motor and non-motor PD symptoms. RESULTS: Forty-six participants with PD and COVID-19 were enrolled. Similar to the general population, the manifestations of COVID-19 among people with PD were heterogeneous ranging from asymptomatic carriers (1/46) to death (6/46). The most commonly reported COVID-19 symptoms were fever/chills, fatigue, cough, weight loss, and muscle pain. Worsening and new onset of motor and non-motor PD symptoms during COVID-19 illness were also reported, including dyskinesia, rigidity, balance disturbances, anxiety, depression, and insomnia. CONCLUSION: We did not find sufficient evidence that PD is an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 and death. Larger studies with controls are required to understand this further. Longitudinal follow-up of these participants will allow for observation of possible long-term effects of COVID-19 in PD patients. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00415-021-10784-3.