Higher COVID-19 mortality in low-income communities in the City of Cape Town – a descriptive ecological study

Hussey, Hannah; Zinyakatira, Nesbert; Morden, Erna; Ismail, Muzzammil; Paleker, Masudah; Bam, Jamy-Lee; London, Leslie; Boulle, Andrew; Davies, Mary-Ann

Background Cape Town, a South African city with high levels of economic inequality, has gone through two COVID-19 waves. There is evidence globally that low-income communities experience higher levels of morbidity and mortality during the pandemic. Methods Age-standardized COVID-19 mortality in the eight sub-districts of Cape Town was compared by economic indicators taken from the most recent Census (unemployment rate, monthly income). Results The overall Standardized Death Rate (SDR) for COVID-19 in Cape Town was 1 640 per million, but there was wide variation across the different sub-districts. A linear relationship was seen between sub-districts with high poverty and high COVID-19 SDRs. Conclusions Low-income communities in Cape Town experienced higher levels of COVID-19 mortality. As we continue to contend with COVID-19, these communities need to be prioritized for access to quality health care.