Survival and 30-days hospital outcome in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Upper Egypt: Multi-center study

Mohamed-Hussein, A.; Galal, I.; Mohamed, M. M. A. R.; Ibrahim, M. E. A.; Ahmed, S. B.

Background: Determining the clinical features and outcomes of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 is fundamental to improve the understanding and adequate management of the novel illness. This study aims to identify the basic demography, underlying comorbidities and the mortality related factors of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Upper Egypt. Patients and methods: 1064 cases consecutively admitted to isolation hospitals in Upper Egypt. All cases had confirmed COVID-19 infection. The electronic records of the patients were retrospectively revised and the demographic data, clinical manifestations, qSOFA score on admission and 30 days-outcome (ICU admission, death, recovery, referral or still in hospital) were analyzed. Overall cumulative survival in all patients and those > or < 50 years were calculated. Results 49.2% of the study population were males while 50.8% females with mean age 49.4 years-old. On admission, 83.9% were stable with qSOFA score < 1, 3% required non- invasive mechanical ventilation, and 2.1% required O2 therapy. Within 30 days, 203 cases (19.1%) required admission to ICU. Death was recorded in 11.7% of cases, 28.7% recovered, 40.5% referred and 19.2% were still under treatment. Determinants of ICU admission and survival in the current study were age > 50, respiratory rate > 24/minute, SaO2 < 89%, qSOFA >1 and need for O2 therapy or NIV. The cumulative survival was 75.3% with the mean survival was 28.1, and 95.2% overall survival was recorded in those aged < 50 years. Conclusions Age older than 50 years old, those with pre-existing DM, initial qSOFA score, requirement for O2 therapy and NIV from the first day of hospital admission may be associated with unfavorable 30 days- in hospital outcome of COVID- 19.