Inflammation induced by influenza virus impairs innate control of human pneumococcal carriage

Simon P. Jochems; Fernando Marcon; Beatriz F. Carniel; Mark Holloway; Elena Mitsi; Emma Smith; Jenna F. Gritzfeld; Carla Solórzano; Jesús Reiné; Sherin Pojar; Elissavet Nikolaou; Esther L. German; Angie Hyder-Wright; Helen Hill; Caz Hales; Wouter A.A de Steenhuijsen Piters; Debby Bogaert; Hugh Adler; Seher Zaidi; Victoria Connor; Jamie Rylance; Helder I. Nakaya; Daniela M. Ferreira

The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. . https://doi.org/10.1101/347161 doi: bioRxiv preprint culture as well). The colour of each bar represents the median induction in the entire LAIV group. d) Pneumococcal density (median and interquartile range of CFU/mL nasal wash shown) for all carriage+ subjects with high (top quartile) or low (all subjects below top quartile) IP-10 levels at day 0. P = 0.019 by Mann-Whitney of AUC of log-transformed density over time. e) Scatter plot showing correlation of levels of IP-10 at baseline with Spn density for a second validation cohort (n = 52) with an asymptomatic upper respiratory tract virus infection (n=15) or not. Spearman correlation test results are shown.