Characterizing cellular and molecular variabilities of peripheral immune cells in healthy inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients by single-cell RNA sequencing

Tong, R.; Zhong, J.; Li, R.; Chen, Y.; Hu, L.; Li, Z.; Shi, J.; Lin, G.; Lyu, Y.; Guo, X.; Liu, Q.; Shuang, T.; Zhang, C.; Yuan, A.; Zhang, M.; Lin, W.; Pu, J.

We systematically investigated the transcriptomes of the peripheral immune cells from 6 inactivated vaccine, BBIBP-CorV recipients at 4 pivotal time points using single-cell RNA-seq technique. First, the significant variation of the canonical immune-responsive signals of both humoral and cellular immunity, as well as other possible symptom-driver signals were evaluated in the specific cell types. Second, we described and compared the common and distinct variation trends across COVID-19 vaccination, disease progression, and flu vaccination to achieve in-depth understandings of the manifestation of immune response in peripheral blood under different stimuli. Third, the expanded T cell and B cell clones were correlated to the specific phenotypes which allowed us to characterize the antigen-specific ones much easier in the future. At last, other than the coagulopathy, the immunogenicity of megakaryocytes in vaccination were highlighted in this study. In brief, our study provided a rich data resource and the related methodology to explore the details of the classical immunity scenarios