Burnout in Oncology: Magnitude, Risk Factors, and Screening among Professionals from Middle East and North Africa (BOMENA study).

Abusanad, Atlal; Bensalem, Assia; Shash, Emad; Mula-Hussain, Layth; Benbrahim, Zinab; Khatib, Sami; Abdelhafiz, Nafisa; Ansari, Jawaher; Jradi, Hoda; Alkattan, Khaled; Jazieh, Abdul Rahman

BACKGROUND Burnout (BO) among oncology professionals (OP) is increasingly being recognized. Early recognition and intervention can positively affect quality of care and patient safety. This study investigated the prevalence, work, and lifestyle factors affecting BO among OPs in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). METHODS An online survey was conducted among MENA OPs between February 10 and March 15, 2020, using the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) of emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA), including questions regarding demography/work-related factors and attitudes toward oncology. Data were analyzed to measure BO prevalence and risk factors and explore a screening question for BO. RESULTS Of 1054 respondents, 1017 participants (64% medical oncologists, 77% aged <45 years, 55% female, 74% married, 67% with children, 40% practiced a hobby) were eligible. The BO prevalence was 68% with high levels of EE and DP (35% and 57% of participants, respectively) and low PA scores (49%). Burnout was significantly associated with age <44 years, administrative work >25%/day, and the thought of quitting oncology (TQ). Practicing a hobby, enjoying oncology communication, and appreciating oncology work-life balance were associated with a reduced BO score and prevalence. North African countries reported the highest BO prevalence. Lack of BO education/support was identified among 72% of participants and TQ predicted burnout in 77%. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest BO study in MENA. The BO prevalence was high and several modifiable risk factors were identified, requiring urgent action. TQ is a simple and reliable screening tool for BO. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.