Author: Le Bert, Nina; Clapham, Hannah E.; Tan, Anthony T.; Chia, Wan Ni; Tham, Christine Y.L.; Lim, Jane M.; Kunasegaran, Kamini; Tan, Linda Wei Lin; Dutertre, Charles-Antoine; Shankar, Nivedita; Lim, Joey M.E.; Sun, Louisa Jin; Zahari, Marina; Tun, Zaw Myo; Kumar, Vishakha; Lim, Beng Lee; Lim, Siew Hoon; Chia, Adeline; Tan, Yee-Joo; Tambyah, Paul Anantharajah; Kalimuddin, Shirin; Lye, David; Low, Jenny G.H.; Wang, Lin-Fa; Wan, Wei Yee; Hsu, Li Yang; Bertoletti, Antonio; Tam, Clarence C.
Title: Highly functional virus-specific cellular immune response in asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection Cord-id: vtidvrqr Document date: 2021_3_1
ID: vtidvrqr
Snippet: The efficacy of virus-specific T cells in clearing pathogens involves a fine balance between antiviral and inflammatory features. SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells in individuals who clear SARS-CoV-2 without symptoms could reveal nonpathological yet protective characteristics. We longitudinally studied SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells in a cohort of asymptomatic (n = 85) and symptomatic (n = 75) COVID-19 patients after seroconversion. We quantified T cells reactive to structural proteins (M, NP, and Sp
Document: The efficacy of virus-specific T cells in clearing pathogens involves a fine balance between antiviral and inflammatory features. SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells in individuals who clear SARS-CoV-2 without symptoms could reveal nonpathological yet protective characteristics. We longitudinally studied SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells in a cohort of asymptomatic (n = 85) and symptomatic (n = 75) COVID-19 patients after seroconversion. We quantified T cells reactive to structural proteins (M, NP, and Spike) using ELISpot and cytokine secretion in whole blood. Frequencies of SARS-CoV-2–specific T cells were similar between asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals, but the former showed an increased IFN-γ and IL-2 production. This was associated with a proportional secretion of IL-10 and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β) only in asymptomatic infection, while a disproportionate secretion of inflammatory cytokines was triggered by SARS-CoV-2–specific T cell activation in symptomatic individuals. Thus, asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2–infected individuals are not characterized by weak antiviral immunity; on the contrary, they mount a highly functional virus-specific cellular immune response.
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