International Electronic Health Record-Derived COVID-19 Clinical Course Profile: The 4CE Consortium

Gabriel A Brat; Griffin M Weber; Nils Gehlenborg; Paul Avillach; Nathan P Palmer; Luca Chiovato; James Cimino; Lemuel R Waitman; Gilbert S Omenn; Alberto Malovini; Jason H Moore; Brett K Beaulieu-Jones; Valentina Tibollo; Shawn N Murphy; Sehi L'Yi; Mark S Keller; Riccardo Bellazzi; David A Hanauer; Arnaud Serret-Larmande; Alba Gutierrez-Sacristan; John J Holmes; Douglas S Bell; Kenneth D Mandl; Robert W Follett; Jeffrey G Klann; Douglas A Murad; Luigia Scudeller; Mauro Bucalo; Katie Kirchoff; Jean Craig; Jihad Obeid; Vianney Jouhet; Romain Griffier; Sebastien Cossin; Bertrand Moal; Lav P Patel; Antonio Bellasi; Hans U Prokosch; Detlef Kraska; Piotr Sliz; Amelia LM Tan; Kee Yuan Ngiam; Alberto Zambelli; Danielle L Mowery; Emily Schiver; Batsal Devkota; Robert L Bradford; Mohamad Daniar; Christel Daniel; Vincent Benoit; Romain Bey; Nicolas Paris; Patricia Serre; Nina Orlova; Julien Dubiel; Martin Hilka; Anne Sophie Jannot; Stephane Breant; Judith Leblanc; Nicolas Griffon; Anita Burgun; Melodie Bernaux; Arnaud Sandrin; Elisa Salamanca; Thomas Ganslandt; Tobias Gradinger; Julien Champ; Martin Boeker; Patricia Martel; Alexandre Gramfort; Olivier Grisel; Damien Leprovost; Thomas Moreau; Gael Varoquaux; Jill Jen Vie; Demian Wassermann; Arthur Mensch; Charlotte Caucheteux; Christian Haverkamp; Guillaume Lemaitre; Christian Haverkamp; Tianxi Cai; Isaac S Kohane

There was a large drop in the number of laboratory tests performed after the first day. Drop off in tests performed could be a result of death, length of stay, or change in frequency of data collection by the clinical team. From the maximum number of laboratory tests consistently checked on the first day after diagnosis, there was a rapid tapering in frequency of laboratory tests checked. These changes were particularly pronounced in Italy and France. We identified the number of days until the number of tests checked were 20% of their initial maximum value. Values for laboratory study for each day are presented on https://covidclinical.net. Results varied for each laboratory value and site. There was no obvious country level pattern. Given that several of these tests, such as creatinine, were commonly checked nearly every day in ill patients, the implication was that patients were censored from the laboratory results because of discharge or death or changing practice pattern. Thus, for the purposes of this paper, we focused on trends in creatinine. We normalized the number of tests performed by day to the total performed on day 1. We then looked at the day when the number of tests performed was 20% of the maximum number performed for each site. For creatinine, for example, a drop-off in testing occurred between day 7 and 15 across institutions. Most patients who survived were likely discharged within this time frame or managed with much less monitoring. Further results can be found online.