Presión arterial en embarazos normales de la Ciudad de México

Oviedo-Cruz, Héctor; Cortés-Martínez, Marco A.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the normal blood pressure (BP) in pregnancy, Mexico City. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out of BP on singleton normal pregnancies in Mexico City. Measurements followed a standardised methodology using automated electronic devices. Reference values of systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were constructed. Maternal and gestation characteristics effects on BP were tested. The reference ranges of BP were adjusted for significant variables. RESULTS: On 1,056 women of 33 years old mean age and 160.0 cm mean height, 1,915 measurements were made between 5 and 41 weeks of gestational age (GA) with 65.0 kg of mean weight. The median BP throughout pregnancy was 102.7/67.2 ± 9.3/7.4 SD mmHg, and 79.0 ± 7.4 SD mmHg the MAP. BP had a quadratic relationship with GA, being the lowest in 2(nd) trimester. SBP and DBP had a r = 0.71 linear correlation. Maternal weight had the most significant effect on SBP and MAP; height, on DBP. Maternal age, ethnic origin, parity, tobacco habit and family history had differential effects on BP. Gestation had no significant effect on SBP multivariate model. CONCLUSIONS: BP resulted lower than conventional standard for pregnant women. Diagnostic criteria for hypertension in pregnancy must be revised; reference values can be adjusted by maternal and gestation characteristics.