Depression, anxiety, and stress mediate the associations between internet gaming disorder, insomnia, and quality of life during the COVID-19 outbreak

Fazeli, Sara; Mohammadi Zeidi, Isa; Lin, Chung-Ying; Namdar, Peyman; Griffiths, Mark D; Kwasi Ahorsu, Daniel; Pakpour, Amir

Background For many individuals, the COVID-19 outbreak has increased their psychological distress, changed their behaviors, and impacted their health. With more time spent indoors, many individuals have engaged in increased videogame playing. However, the associations between such behaviors during the COVID-19 outbreak period is unclear. Objective The present study examined the mediation role of psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress) in the association between internet gaming disorder (IGD) and two health outcomes (insomnia quality of life) among adolescents during this COVID-19 pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study comprising adolescents (N=1512) aged 13 to 18 years (mean age=15.51 years) was utilized to assess measures on insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stress, IGD, and quality of life during COVID-19 pandemic. Results There were small to large significant relationships between the variables. Depression, anxiety and stress served as a strong mediator in the association between IGD and insomnia and quality of life. IGD directly influenced insomnia and quality of life among the participants. Conclusions IGD is associated with different psychosocial outcomes comprising multiple pathways. Parents need to pay special attention to how much time and how frequently their children play videogames. Parents may need to assist their children in coping with psychological distress during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic period.