Susceptibility of Blood Groups Infection with COVID-19 Disease Among Sudanese Patients Suffering from Different Chronic Diseases

Faroug Mohamed, Malaz; Ahmad, Albara; Mohammed Elmahi, Osman; Babker, Asaad Ma; Ali Waggiallah, Hisham

Background and Objective: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread throughout the world. Several studies have indicated that ABO blood group polymorphism could be connected to COVID-19 vulnerability and clinical outcomes, nevertheless, the findings are debatable. The aim of this study was to determine the most blood groups susceptible for COVID-19 infection among Sudanese patients suffering from different chronic diseases. Materials and Methods: The research included 200 participants. A total of 100 samples were collected as a case study from patients who had been found to have COVID-19 and a total of 100 samples were collected as a control from non-COVID-19 patients. The data was then gathered using a formal interview questionnaire and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results: A total of 200 individuals were involved 100 of them was Patients and 100 were control. 51.4% were female and 48.6% were male. Current study revealed statistically significant difference between cases and controls. Blood group distribution was O positive as 59 (42.1%) followed by A Positive as 36 (25.7%), B positive 16 (11.4%), AB was 9 (6.4%) and only one (0.7%) was AB negative. In this study, the most common of other disease of COVID-19 patients were Asthma (6%), stomach ulcer (1%), renal failure (10%), diabetes (12%), hypertension (24%), vein thrombosis (1%), thrombosis (1%), heart disease (2%) and sinusitis (1%). Conclusion: There is a relation between ABO blood grouping and COVID-19 virus infection. The blood group distribution was O positive at 59 (42.1%), A positive at 36 (25.7%), B positive at 16 (11.4%), AB positive at 9 (6.4%) and AB negative at one (0.7 %). Blood group AB is the least likely to be infected with the COVID-19 virus, although blood group O Positive is the most likely.