The Role in Teledermoscopy of an Inexpensive and Easy-to-Use Smartphone Device for the Classification of Three Types of Skin Lesions Using Convolutional Neural Networks

Veronese, Federica; Branciforti, Francesco; Zavattaro, Elisa; Tarantino, Vanessa; Romano, Valentina; Meiburger, Kristen M.; Salvi, Massimo; Seoni, Silvia; Savoia, Paola

Background. The use of teledermatology has spread over the last years, especially during the recent SARS-Cov-2 pandemic. Teledermoscopy, an extension of teledermatology, consists of consulting dermoscopic images, also transmitted through smartphones, to remotely diagnose skin tumors or other dermatological diseases. The purpose of this work was to verify the diagnostic validity of images acquired with an inexpensive smartphone microscope (Nurugo(TM)), employing convolutional neural networks (CNN) to classify malignant melanoma (MM), melanocytic nevus (MN), and seborrheic keratosis (SK). Methods. The CNN, trained with 600 dermatoscopic images from the ISIC (International Skin Imaging Collaboration) archive, was tested on three test sets: ISIC images, images acquired with the Nurugo(TM), and images acquired with a conventional dermatoscope. Results. The results obtained, although with some limitations due to the smartphone device and small data set, were encouraging, showing comparable results to the clinical dermatoscope and up to 80% accuracy (out of 10 images, two were misclassified) using the Nurugo(TM) demonstrating how an amateur device can be used with reasonable levels of diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion. Considering the low cost and the ease of use, the Nurugo(TM) device could be a useful tool for general practitioners (GPs) to perform the first triage of skin lesions, aiding the selection of lesions that require a face-to-face consultation with dermatologists.