Epitope Prediction by Novel Immunoinformatics Approach: A State-of-the-art Review

Raoufi, Ehsan; Hemmati, Maryam; Eftekhari, Samane; Khaksaran, Kamal; Mahmodi, Zahra; Farajollahi, Mohammad M.; Mohsenzadegan, Monireh

Immunoinformatics is a science that helps to create significant immunological information using bioinformatics softwares and applications. One of the most important applications of immunoinformatics is the prediction of a variety of specific epitopes for B cell recognition and T cell through MHC class I and II molecules. This method reduces costs and time compared to laboratory tests. In this state-of-the-art review, we review about 50 papers to find the latest and most used immunoinformatic tools as well as their applications for predicting the viral, bacterial and tumoral structural and linear epitopes of B and T cells. In the clinic, the main application of prediction of epitopes is for designing peptide-based vaccines. Peptide-based vaccines are a considerably potential alternative to low-cost vaccines that may reduce the risks related to the production of common vaccines.