Immunogenicity and protectivity of the peptide vaccine against SARS-CoV-2

Ryzhikov, A. B.; Ryzhikov, E. A.; Bogryantseva, M. P.; Danilenko, E. D.; Imatdinov, I. R.; Nechaeva, E. A.; Pyankov, O. V.; Pyankova, O. G.; Susloparov, I. M.; Taranov, O. S.; Gudymo, A. S.; Danilchenko, N. V.; Sleptsova, E. S.; Bodnev, S. A.; Onkhonova, G. S.; Petrov, V. N.; Moiseeva, A. A.; Torzhkova, P. Yu Pyankov S. A.; Tregubchak, T. V.; Antonets, D. V.; Gavrilova, E. V.; Maksyutov, R. A.

Background. In 2020, the pandemic caused by novel coronavirus infection has become one of the most critical global health challenges during the past century. The lack of a vaccine, as the most effective way to control the novel infection, has prompted the development of a large number of preventive products by the scientific community. We have developed a candidate vaccine (EpiVacCorona) against novel coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 that is based on chemically synthesized peptides conjugated to a carrier protein and adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide and studied the specific activity of the developed vaccine. Aims — study of the immunogenicity and protectivity of the peptide candidate vaccine EpiVacCorona. Methods. The work was performed using standard molecular biological, virological and histological methods. Results. It was demonstrated that EpiVacCorona, when administered twice, spaced 14 days apart, to hamsters, ferrets, and non-human primates (african green monkeys, rhesus macaques) at a dose of 260 μg, which is equal to one inoculation dose for humans, induces virus-specific antibodies in 100% of the animals. Experiments in hamsters showed this vaccine to be associated with the dose-dependent immunogenicity. The vaccine was shown to accelerate the elimination of the virus from the upper respiratory tract in ferrets and prevent the development of pneumonia in hamsters and non-human primates following a respiratory challenge with novel coronavirus. Conclusions. The results of a preclinical specific activity study indicate that the use of EpiVacCorona has the potential for human vaccination. © 2021 Izdatel'stvo Meditsina. All rights reserved.