Author: Rosanna Asselta; Elvezia Maria Paraboschi; Alberto Mantovani; Stefano Duga
Title: ACE2 and TMPRSS2 variants and expression as candidates to sex and country differences in COVID-19 severity in Italy Document date: 2020_4_2
ID: hrottr01_3
Snippet: It was recently demonstrated that both angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) are crucial for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells. 7, 8 While ACE2 is the main receptor for the spike (S) protein of both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, mediating viral attachment to target cells, TMPRSS2 cleaves protein S at the S1/S2 and the S2 'sites, allowing fusion of viral and cellular membranes. 8 Both genes have be.....
Document: It was recently demonstrated that both angiotensin I converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the transmembrane protease, serine 2 (TMPRSS2) are crucial for SARS-CoV-2 entry into host cells. 7, 8 While ACE2 is the main receptor for the spike (S) protein of both SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, mediating viral attachment to target cells, TMPRSS2 cleaves protein S at the S1/S2 and the S2 'sites, allowing fusion of viral and cellular membranes. 8 Both genes have been proposed to modulate susceptibility to SARS-CoV, 9, 10 and are good candidates to mediate sex-related effects: ACE2 is located on the X chromosome, while TMPRSS2 expression is responsive to androgen/estrogen stimulation. 11
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