Comparison of clinical features on admission between coronavirus disease 2019 and influenza a among children: a retrospective study in China

Liang, Feng; Wang, Xianfeng; Shao, Jianbo; Chen, Jun; Liu, Lei; Li, Hui; Xu, Yi; He, Liya; Liang, Huiying; Li, Kuanrong; Gong, Sitang; Xia, Huimin

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) share similar symptoms with influenza A (IA), but it is more worthwhile to understand the disparities of the two infections regarding their clinical characteristics on admission. METHODS: A total of 71 age-matched pediatric IA and COVID-19 patient pairs were formed and their clinical data on admission were compared. RESULTS: Fever, cough, nasal congestion and nausea/vomiting were the most common symptoms on admission for both infections but occurred less often in COVID-19. The IA patients were more likely to have lower-than-normal levels of lymphocyte count and percentage and to have higher-than-normal levels of activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, serum C-reactive protein, and serum procalcitonin, while the COVID-19 patients had higher odds of having lower-than-normal levels of neutrophil count and percentage. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that influenza A is more symptomatic than COVID-19 for children and might be an overall more severe infection at the time of admission. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12879-021-06037-3.