Study of viral pathogenesis in humanized mice

Gaska, Jenna M.; Ploss, Alexander

Many of the viral pathogens that cause infectious disease in humans have a highly restricted species tropism, making the study of their pathogenesis and the development of clinical therapies difficult. The improvement of humanized mouse models over the past 30 years has greatly facilitated researchers’ abilities to study host responses to viral infections in a cost effective and ethical manner. From HIV to hepatotropic viruses to Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, humanized mice have led to the identification of factors crucial to the viral life cycle, an outlet for testing candidate therapies, and improved analysis of human immune responses to infection. In tackling both the new and old viruses as they emerge, humanized mice will continue to be an indispensable tool.