Coronavirus Pneumonia: Outcomes and Characteristics of Patients in an Inner-City Area after 3 Months of Infection

Diaz-Fuentes, Gilda; Roa-Gomez, Gabriella; Reyes, Olga; Singhal, Ravish; Venkatram, Sindhaghatta

Background: The morbidity and long term pulmonary consequences of COVID-19 infection continue to unfold as we learn and follow survivors of this disease. We report radiological evolution and pulmonary function findings in those patients. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adult patients referred to the post-acute COVID-19 pulmonary clinic after a diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia. The study period was after the initial peak of the pandemic in New York City, from June to December 2020. Results: 111 patients were included. The average interval time between COVID-19 pneumonia and initial clinic evaluation was 12 weeks. 48.2% of patients had moderate and 22.3% had severe infection. Dyspnea and cough was the most common respiratory symptoms post infection. Radiographic abnormalities improved in majority of patients with ground glass opacities been the common residual abnormal finding. Restrictive airway disease and decreased diffusion capacity were the most common findings in pulmonary function test. Conclusion: Our study suggests the needs for close and serial monitoring of functional and radiological abnormalities during the post COVID-19 period. Considering that many of the clinical-radiological and functional abnormalities are reversible, we suggest a “wait and watch“approach to avoid unnecessary invasive work up.