Thiazole Compounds as Antiviral Agents: An Update.

Singh, Inder Pal; Gupta, Shiv; Kumar, Sanjay

BACKGROUND Thiazole is a wonder nucleus owing to its various pharmaceutical applications. Thiazole containing compounds (thiazoles) have shown various biological activities like antioxidant, analgesic, antibacterial, anticancer, antiallergic, antihypertensive, antiinflammatory, antimalarial, antifungal and antipsychotic. The scaffold is present in more than 18 FDA approved drugs and also in more than 70 experimental drugs. Only a few reviews are available in the literature despite its huge medicinal importance. During the course of time, this scaffold has been studied extensively for its antiviral activities and provided compounds with activity in nM range. However, no focused review is available on the compilation of antiviral activities shown by this scaffold. OBJECTIVE In the present review, we have made an effort to compile antiviral literature of thiazoles reported from the year 2011 till date. METHODS We searched the SciFinder database (excluding patent literature) with keywords like "antiviral", "anti-HIV" and "virus". Further filters were applied for the year of publication and keywords thiazole, reviews etc. to get relevant literature reported for the antiviral activities of thiazoles. RESULTS Nearly, 50 research articles were selected to compile and review the antiviral literature of thiazoles reported from the year 2011 to 2017. Compounds 8, 25, 40, 62, 72, 73, 91, 112, 113, 131, 137, 175, 198, 200, 201 and 213 were reported in the literature with potent antiviral activity against CVB, SARS, RSV, HCV, HRV, VZV, TMV, FMDV, DENV, YFV, influenza virus, Junin virus, HIV-1, HSV, VV and EBV, respectively. CONCLUSION There is further scope for the synthesis and evaluation of novel thiazole compounds by taking most active compounds as lead structures. In conclusion, this review provides an overview of antiviral activities of thiazole compounds reported from the year 2011 to till date.