Xuanfei Baidu Decoction protects against macrophages produced inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Wang, Yuying; Sang, Xiaoqing; Shao, Rui; Qin, Honglin; Chen, Xuanhao; Xue, Zhifeng; Li, Lin; Wang, Yu; Zhu, Yan; Chang, Yanxu; Gao, Xiumei; Zhang, Boli; Zhang, Han; Yang, Jian

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Xuanfei Baidu Decoction (XFBD), one of the "three medicines and three prescriptions" for the clinically effective treatment of COVID-19 in China, plays an important role in the treatment of mild and/or common patients with dampness-toxin obstructing lung syndrome. AIM OF THE STUDY The present work aims to elucidate the protective effects and the possible mechanism of XFBD against the acute inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS We use TGF-β1 induced fibroblast activation model and LPS/IL-4 induced macrophage inflammation model as in vitro cell models. The mice model of lung fibrosis was induced by BLM via endotracheal drip, and XFBD (4.6, 9.2 g/kg) were administered orally after BLM. The efficacy and molecular mechanisms in the presence or absence of XFBD were investigated. RESULTS The results proved that XFBD can effectively inhibit fibroblast collagen deposition, Down-regulate the level of α-SMA and inhibit the migration of fibroblasts. IL-4 induced macrophage polarization was also inhibited and the secretions of the inflammatory factors including IL6, iNOS were down-regulated. In vivo experiments, the results proved that XFBD improved the weight loss and survival rate of the mice. The XFBD high-dose administration group had a significant effect in inhibiting collagen deposition and the expression of α-SMA in the lungs of mice. XFBD can reduce bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 activation and related macrophage infiltration. CONCLUSIONS Xuanfei Baidu Decoction protects against macrophages produced inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway.