A review on role of nitrous oxide nanoparticles, potential vaccine targets, drug, health care and artificial intelligence to combat COVID-19

Manigandan, S.; Praveenkumar, T. R.; Brindhadevi, Kathirvel

The lives of human individuals and groups around the globe have changed drastically due to the emergence of novel corona virus in late 2019. The significant part of CoV-19 from the global point is transmission rate, and therefore, it is mandatory to identify and isolate the affected persons even with the mild infection. To stop the rapid transmission of virus to drastic manner, it is essential to follow the hygienic practices, identification of potential vaccines and proper health care management systems to combat the novel virus. Despite the serious mortality rates and high confirmed cases, at present, there is no proven treatment and vaccine to treat the pandemic coronavirus. The current review prioritizes the recent trends in the health care sector, vaccine development pipeline and artificial intelligence role to combat CoV-2. Due to the unprecedented situation, the health care professionals was under high working stress and they were pushed to make serious decisions on time. Several health care workers pose directly threat to the occupational health risk. Besides, the industry is also experiencing a decrease in the outpatient footfalls along with the reduction of international patients. Furthermore, the services such as hypertension, diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular affected by 53%, 49%, 42% and 31%, respectively, due to the pandemic. Vaccines and treatments are the urgent need and have been extensively on progress worldwide. Despite the new technologies, the effectiveness of the old antiviral, such as Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, Lopinavir–Ritonavir, Nafamostat and Camostat, and Remdesiviron COVID-19, was reviewed. The reviews on different vaccinations were effective in the understanding the efficiency of drugs in reducing the symptoms of COVID-19. Although vaccination and social distancing can reduce the infection, the role of the Artificial intelligence technology will enable the highest reduction of the COVID-19 infection by reducing the time and increasing the reliability.