Effects of Life Events and Social Isolation on Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease.

Gronewold, Janine; Engels, Miriam; van de Velde, Sarah; Cudjoe, Thomas Kofi Mensah; Duman, Ela-Emsal; Jokisch, Martha; Kleinschnitz, Christoph; Lauterbach, Karl; Erbel, Raimund; Jöckel, Karl-Heinz; Hermann, Dirk M

The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic represents a severe, life-changing event for people across the world. Life changes may involve job loss, income reduction due to furlough, death of a beloved one, or social stress due to life habit changes. Many people suffer from social isolation due to lockdown or physical distancing, especially those living alone and without family. This article reviews the association of life events and social isolation with cardiovascular disease, assembling the current state of knowledge for stroke and coronary heart disease. Possible mechanisms underlying the links between life events, social isolation, and cardiovascular disease are outlined. Furthermore, groups with increased vulnerability for cardiovascular disease following life events and social isolation are identified, and clinical implications of results are presented.