Comparison of mortality associated with respiratory viral infections between December 2019 and March 2020 with that of the previous year, Southeastern France

Giraud-Gatineau, Audrey; Colson, Philippe; Jimeno, Marie-Thérèse; Zandotti, Christine; Ninove, Laetitia; Boschi, Céline; Lagier, Jean-Christophe; Scola, Bernard LA; Chaudet, Hervé; Raoult, Didier

Abstract Respiratory viruses are a major global cause of mortality worldwide and in France where they cause several thousands of deaths yearly. University Hospital Institute-Méditerranée Infection performs real-time surveillance of all diagnoses of infections and associated deaths in public hospitals of Marseille, Southeastern France. Here, mortality associated with diagnoses of respiratory viruses was compared during colder months of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 (week 47-week 14). In 2018-2019, 73 patients (0.17% of 42,851 hospitalized patients) died after being diagnosed with a respiratory virus; 40 and 13 deaths occurred in patients diagnosed with influenza A virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), respectively. In 2019-2020, 50 patients (0.10% of 49,043 patients hospitalized) died after being diagnosed with a common respiratory virus; 7 and 7 deaths occurred in patients diagnosed with influenza A virus and RSV, respectively. Additionally, 55 patients died after being diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2. The proportion of respiratory virus-associated deaths among hospitalized patients was thus significantly lower for common respiratory viruses in 2019-2020 than in 2018-2019 (102 versus 170 per 100,000 hospitalized patients; p=0.003), majoritarily as a consequence of a decrease in influenza A virus (-83%) and RSV (-46%)-associated deaths. Overall, the proportion of respiratory virus-associated deaths among hospitalized patients was higher but not significantly in 2019-2020 than in 2018-2019 (214 versus 170 per 100,000 hospitalized patients; p=0.08, Yates-corrected chi-square test). These findings allow putting into perspective the death burden of SARS-CoV-2 infections in our geographical area.