l-Arginine Improves Solubility and ANTI SARS-CoV-2 Mpro Activity of Rutin but Not the Antiviral Activity in Cells

Sancineto, Luca; Ostacolo, Carmine; Ortega-Alarcon, David; Jimenez-Alesanco, Ana; Ceballos-Laita, Laura; Vega, Sonia; Abian, Olga; Velazquez-Campoy, Adrian; Moretti, Silvia; Dabrowska, Agnieszka; Botwina, Pawel; Synowiec, Aleksandra; Kula-Pacurar, Anna; Pyrc, Krzysztof; Iraci, Nunzio; Santi, Claudio

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak prompts an urgent need for efficient therapeutics, and repurposing of known drugs has been extensively used in an attempt to get to anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents in the shortest possible time. The glycoside rutin shows manifold pharmacological activities and, despite its use being limited by its poor solubility in water, it is the active principle of many pharmaceutical preparations. We herein report our in silico and experimental investigations of rutin as a SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitor and of its water solubility improvement obtained by mixing it with l-arginine. Tests of the rutin/l-arginine mixture in a cellular model of SARS-CoV-2 infection highlighted that the mixture still suffers from unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties, but nonetheless, the results of this study suggest that rutin might be a good starting point for hit optimization.