Author: Ryu, Jae Kyu; Sozmen, Elif G.; Dixit, Karuna; Montano, Mauricio; Matsui, Yusuke; Liu, Yixin; Helmy, Ekram; Deerinck, Thomas J.; Yan, Zhaoqi; Schuck, Renaud; Acevedo, Rosa Meza; Spencer, Collin M.; Thomas, Reuben; Pico, Alexander R.; Zamvil, Scott S.; Lynch, Kara L.; Ellisman, Mark H.; Greene, Warner C.; Akassoglou, Katerina
Title: SARS-CoV-2 spike protein induces abnormal inflammatory blood clots neutralized by fibrin immunotherapy Cord-id: urk8aa5b Document date: 2021_10_13
ID: urk8aa5b
Snippet: Blood clots are a central feature of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and can culminate in pulmonary embolism, stroke, and sudden death. However, it is not known how abnormal blood clots form in COVID-19 or why they occur even in asymptomatic and convalescent patients. Here we report that the Spike protein from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) binds to the blood coagulation factor fibrinogen and induces structurally abnormal blood clots with heightened proinflammat
Document: Blood clots are a central feature of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and can culminate in pulmonary embolism, stroke, and sudden death. However, it is not known how abnormal blood clots form in COVID-19 or why they occur even in asymptomatic and convalescent patients. Here we report that the Spike protein from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) binds to the blood coagulation factor fibrinogen and induces structurally abnormal blood clots with heightened proinflammatory activity. SARS-CoV-2 Spike virions enhanced fibrin-mediated microglia activation and induced fibrinogen-dependent lung pathology. COVID-19 patients had fibrin autoantibodies that persisted long after acute infection. Monoclonal antibody 5B8, targeting the cryptic inflammatory fibrin epitope, inhibited thromboinflammation. Our results reveal a procoagulant role for the SARS-CoV-2 Spike and propose fibrin-targeting interventions as a treatment for thromboinflammation in COVID-19. One-Sentence Summary SARS-CoV-2 spike induces structurally abnormal blood clots and thromboinflammation neutralized by a fibrin-targeting antibody.
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