Author: Dipender Gill; Marios Arvanitis; Paul Carter; Ana I Hernandez Cordero; Brian Jo; Ville Karhunen; Susanna C Larsson; Xuan Li; Sam M Lockhart; Amy M Mason; Evanthia Pashos; Ashis Saha; Vanessa Tan; Verena Zuber; Yohan Bosse; Sarah Fahle; Ke Hao; Tao Jiang; Philippe Joubert; Alan C Lunt; Willem hendrik Ouwehand; David J Roberts; Wim Timens; Maarten van den Berge; Nicholas A Watkins; Alexis Battle; Adam S Butterworth; John Danesh; Barbara E Engelhard; James E Peters; Don Sin; Stephen Burgess
Title: ACE inhibition and cardiometabolic risk factors, lung ACE2 and TMPRSS2 gene expression, and plasma ACE2 levels: a Mendelian randomization study Document date: 2020_4_14
ID: 1kkpx108_19
Snippet: We further considered six cardiometabolic traits as exposure variables: body mass index (BMI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lifetime smoking index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), SBP and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These traits were chosen as they have been associated with prognosis of COVID-19 (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) . Genetic association estimates for these exposures were obtained from the publicly availab.....
Document: We further considered six cardiometabolic traits as exposure variables: body mass index (BMI), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lifetime smoking index, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), SBP and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These traits were chosen as they have been associated with prognosis of COVID-19 (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) . Genetic association estimates for these exposures were obtained from the publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data sources listed in Table 1 . Genetic variants selected as instruments were SNPs associated with the corresponding trait at a genome-wide level of statistical significance (p < 5x10 -8 ) and were uncorrelated (r 2 < 0.001). Clumping of correlated variants was performed using the TwoSampleMR package in R (38) .
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