Single Nucleus Multiomic Profiling Reveals Age-Dynamic Regulation of Host Genes Associated with SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Allen Wang; Joshua A Chiou; Olivier B Poirion; Justin Buchanan; Michael J Valdez; Jamie M Verheyden; Xiaomeng Hou; Minzhe Guo; Jacklyn M Newsome; Parul Kudtarkar; Dina A Faddah; Kai Zhang; Randee E Young; Justinn Barr; Ravi Misra; Heidie Huyck; Lisa Rogers; Cory Poole; Jeffery A Whitsett; Gloria Pryhuber; Yan Xu; Kyle J Gaulton; Sebastian Preissl; Xin Sun

We define an accessible locus as the minimal genomic region that can be bound and 811 cut by the enzyme. We use ⊂ to represent the set of all accessible loci. We further 812 define a pseudo-locus as the set of accessible loci that relates to each other in a certain 813 meaningful way (for example, nearby loci, loci from different alleles). In this example, 814 pseudo-loci correspond to peaks. We use { | ⊂ } to represent the set of all pseudo-815 loci. Let be the accessibility of accessible locus , where ∈ . We define the 816 accessibility of pseudo-locus as = ∑ ∈ , i.e., the sum of accessibility of 817 accessible loci associated with di. Let be the library complexity (the number of distinct 818 molecules in the library) of cell . Assuming unbiased PCR amplification, then the 819 probability of being sequenced for any fragment in the library is: = 1 − (1 − ) , where 820 is the total number of reads for cell . If we assume that the probability of a fragment 821 present in the library is proportional to its accessibility and the complexity of the library, 822 then we can deduce that the probability of a given locus in cell being sequenced is: 823