Nanomaterial-based biosensors for detection of pathogenic virus

Mokhtarzadeh, Ahad; Eivazzadeh-Keihan, Reza; Pashazadeh, Paria; Hejazi, Maryam; Gharaatifar, Nasrin; Hasanzadeh, Mohammad; Baradaran, Behzad; de la Guardia, Miguel

Viruses are real menace to human safety that cause devastating viral disease. The high prevalence of these diseases is due to improper detecting tools. Therefore, there is a remarkable demand to identify viruses in a fast, selective and accurate way. Several biosensors have been designed and commercialized for detection of pathogenic viruses. However, they present many challenges. Nanotechnology overcomes these challenges and performs direct detection of molecular targets in real time. In this overview, studies concerning nanotechnology-based biosensors for pathogenic virus detection have been summarized, paying special attention to biosensors based on graphene oxide, silica, carbon nanotubes, gold, silver, zinc oxide and magnetic nanoparticles, which could pave the way to detect viral diseases and provide healthy life for infected patients.