Strategies for vaccine design for corona virus using Immunoinformatics techniques

Anamika Basu; Anasua Sarkar; Ujjwal Maulik

Coronaviruses encode large replicase polyproteins which are proteolytically processed by viral proteases to generate mature nonstructural proteins (nsps) that form the viral replication complex. Positive-strand RNA viruses, such as coronaviruses, can induce cellular membrane rearrangements during replication to form replication organelles which allows efficient viral RNA synthesis. Nonstructural Protein 4 alone induces membrane pairing in infectious bronchitis virus [3] . Infection with coronavirus causes rearrangement in the host cell membrane to accumulate a replication and transcription complex in which replication of the viral genome and transcription of viral mRNA can occur. For coronaviruses, a major pathogenicity factor has now been identified with non-structural protein 1 in a murine model of coronavirus infection [4] . Sakai et al in 2017 [5] highlighted the role of nsp4 of SARS coronavirus in viral replication. It has been discovered that only a change in two amino acids in nsp4 protein sequence can abolish viral replication completely. So, to prevent coronavirus infection by designing vaccine, nonstructural protein 4 of beta coronavirus can be selected as target protein in this study.