Nano-Biomaterials as Sensing and Therapeutic Tool to Mitigate Viral Pathogenesis with Special Reference to COVID-19.

Chauhan, Pallavi Singh; Yadav, Dhananjay; Dubey, Anuj; Jin, Jun-O

In order to treat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), till now no such specific treatment is available. Various coronaviruses (CoV) such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome), SARS-CoV-2 can infect human and the name was implicated due to their crown shape. SARS-CoV-2 is also called COVID-19 which was found to be a novel strain of coronavirus and is transmitted primarily through small droplets of viral particles that targets human body through the open pathways. Researchers have observed that microbes can survive for a longer duration they get adhered to any object or surface. Nanoparticles have giant capability to disable these pathogens even before they enter the body. To eradicate conventional time consuming steps like quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction for detection of COVID-19, nanoparticles mediated sensing approaches is providing a great advances in rapid diagnosis. Nano particles based biosensors are comparatively beneficial which offer tremendous potential for rapid medical diagnosis. Nanotechnology can be refined and optimized to attack a wide variety of pathogens. As compared to other large molecular structures, nanoparticles being small in size have huge sensitivity for bio-sensing and can move throughout the body without providing any disruption in the immune functioning.