Outcome after acute ischemic stroke treatment during Covid-19 outbreak in South-East Tuscany.

Acampa, Maurizio; Peresso, Valentina; Lazzerini, Pietro Enea; Domenichelli, Carlo; Guideri, Francesca; Tassi, Rossana; Dami, Stefano; Marconi, Roberto; Iannelli, Giovanni; Linoli, Giovanni; Peppoloni, Giulia; Nocentini, Simone; Gallerini, Simone; Cartocci, Alessandra; Bracco, Sandra; Martini, Giuseppe

BACKGROUND During Covid-19 pandemic, the Italian National Healthcare Service has faced increasing pressure, especially in Northern Italy. Even in less-affected regions, such as Tuscany, the changes in the healthcare system to prevent Covid-19 spread resulted in difficulty in treating time-dependent disorders like ischemic stroke rapidly. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to assess the outcome after acute ischemic stroke treatments during the Covid-19 spread in comparison with a similar period of the previous year in Siena-Hospital (Hub center in the South-East Tuscany). METHOD We enrolled all patients admitted to Siena-Hospital for ischemic stroke and submitted them to acute treatments (intravenous and/or mechanical thrombolysis) between February 21st and May 18th, 2020 (study group, n:38) and compared the results with ischemic strokes acutely treated in a similar period in 2019 (control group, n:39). The modified Rankin scale score was assessed at 90 days to evaluate a 3-month clinical outcome. RESULTS In the study group, the time from symptoms onset to hospital arrival and the door-to-groin puncture time were significantly more prolonged than in the control group. In moderate-severe strokes, the 3-month mortality was significantly higher in the study group (31%vs6%; p=0.01), and the number of patients with poor functional outcomes was significantly higher in the study group (73%vs44%; p=0.03). CONCLUSION During the lockdown period due to Covid-19 pandemic, patients with acute ischemic stroke had a worse prognosis. These findings suggest the need to improve the health system organization to guarantee an appropriate treatment during the pandemic, including the patients that are not affected by Covid-19.