Dementia as a Mortality Predictor among Older Adults with COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Observational Study

Saragih, Ita Daryanti; Saragih, Ice Septriani; Batubara, Sakti Oktaria; Lin, Chia-Ju

The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the association between dementia and mortality among older adults with COVID-19. To do so, we conducted a search of 7 databases for relevant full-text articles. A cohort study and case-control study were included. A meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the pooled odds ratio with a random-effects model. We identified studies that reported mortality among older adults with dementia and non-dementia who have COVID-19. The pooled mortality rates of dementia and non-dementia older adults infected with COVID-19 were 39% (95% CI: 0.23 – 0.54%, I(2)= 83.48%) and 20% (95% CI: 0.16 – 0.25%, I(2)= 83.48%), respectively. Overall, dementia was the main factor influencing poor health outcomes and high rates of mortality in older adults with COVID-19 infection (odds ratio 2.96; 95% CI 2.00 – 4.38, I(2)= 29.7%), respectively. Our results show that older adults with dementia with COVID-19 infection have a higher risk of mortality compared with older adults without dementia. This current study further highlights the need to provide focused care to the older adults with dementia or cognitive impairment who have COVID-19.