Factors Associated with Mortality among Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Martins-Filho, Paulo Ricardo; Antunes de Souza Araújo, Adriano; Pereira, Luciana Xavier; Quintans-Júnior, Lucindo José; de Souza Barboza, Waneska; Cavalcante, Taise Ferreira; Feitosa de Souza, Mércia; de Oliveira Góes, Marco Aurélio; Santos, Victor Santana

Information on the risk factors for COVID-19 mortality in low- and middle-income countries is still scarce. In this retrospective cohort study, we analyzed the factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in hospitalized patients in a poor area of Brazil. Logistic regression was used to identify factors independently associated with mortality, including gender, age, and the presence of underlying medical conditions. A total of 1,207 patients were included in the analysis, and a 1.5-fold increase in COVID-19 mortality was found among patients aged > 65 years with hypertension and diabetes (odds ratio [OR]: 1.50, 95% CI: 1.02–2.19). Moreover, infectious disease (OR: 4.31, 95% CI: 1.39–13.39), kidney disease (OR: 2.59, 95% CI: 1.27–5.27), and heart disease (OR: 2.00, 95% CI: 1.31–3.04) were also predictive for COVID-19 in-hospital death. This large cohort provides important data on potential factors associated with COVID-19 mortality in Brazil.