Modeling of S Glycoprotein SARS-CoV-2 as Microwave Dielectric Resonator

Gavriloaia, M. R.; Novac, E.; Gavriloaia, B. M.

The first SARS-CoV-2 outbreak appeared at the end of 2019 and, after only a few months, the WHO declared it as global pandemic. In response, the global scientific community has been committed to seeking to stop it. Classically, inactivation of viruses in the open space can be done by microwave thermal heating, strong chemical inactivation or UV irradiation, methods that affect the open public. New solutions have been researched, such as the use of the acoustic and / or electromagnetic field with certain frequencies, because the inactivation of the virus takes place at a reasonable power density, safe for the open public. The main target of this research was the S glycoprotein of SARS-Cov-2, because through its two subunits, S1 and S2, the virus recognizes and binds to the host cell. Based on the cryo-electron microscopy images at atomic level of the S glycoprotein, the 3D random surface calculation model was generated for the two functional states: pre-fusion and post-fusion. The S glycoprotein is analyzed as a microwave dielectric resonator and antenna;the resonance frequencies and radiation pattern have been computed in this paper. A number of 10 resonant frequencies in the millimeter range of the microwave and the radiation pattern of the first resonant frequency are presented. Because the viral action of SARS-CoV-2 is strongly dependent on the efficiency of the S glycoprotein, the change in its shape (through changes in the RNA of the cell) will be able to control the width of the radiation pattern (possible at its resonant eigenfrequency). © 2021 IEEE.