Selected article for: "acute phase and long lasting"
Author: Fahlberg, MD; Blair, RV; Doyle-Meyers, LA; Midkiff, CC; Zenere, G; Russell-Lodrigue, KE; Monjure, CJ; Haupt, EH; Penney, TP; Lehmicke, G; Threeton, BM; Golden, N; Datta, PK; Roy, CJ; Bohm, RP; Maness, NJ; Fischer, T; Rappaport, J; Vaccari, M
Title: Cellular events of acute, resolving or progressive COVID-19 in SARS-CoV-2 infected non-human primates
  • Cord-id: av5g0r92
  • Document date: 2020_10_16
    • ID: av5g0r92
    Snippet: We investigated the immune events following SARS-CoV-2 infection, from the acute inflammatory state up to four weeks post infection, in non-human primates (NHP) with heterogeneous pulmonary pathology. The acute phase was characterized by a robust and rapid migration of monocytes expressing CD16 from the blood and concomitant increase in CD16+ macrophages in the lungs. We identified two subsets of interstitial macrophages (HLA-DR+ CD206–), a transitional CD11c+ CD16+ cell population that was di
    Document: We investigated the immune events following SARS-CoV-2 infection, from the acute inflammatory state up to four weeks post infection, in non-human primates (NHP) with heterogeneous pulmonary pathology. The acute phase was characterized by a robust and rapid migration of monocytes expressing CD16 from the blood and concomitant increase in CD16+ macrophages in the lungs. We identified two subsets of interstitial macrophages (HLA-DR+ CD206–), a transitional CD11c+ CD16+ cell population that was directly associated with IL-6 levels in plasma, and one long lasting CD11b+ CD16+ cell population. Strikingly, levels of monocytes were a correlate of viral replication in bronchial brushes and we discovered TARC (CCL17) as a new potential mediator of myeloid recruitment to the lungs. Worse disease outcomes were associated with high levels of cell infiltration in lungs including CD11b+ CD16hi macrophages and CD11b+ neutrophils. Accumulation of macrophages was long-lasting and detectable even in animals with mild or no signs of disease. Interestingly, animals with anti-inflammatory responses including high IL-10:IL-6 and kynurenine to tryptophan ratios had less signs of disease. Our results unravel cellular mechanisms of COVID-19 and suggest that NHP may be appropriate models to test immune therapies.

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