Author: de Souza, Tiago H.; Nadal, José A.; Nogueira, Roberto J. N.; Pereira, Ricardo M.; Brandão, Marcelo B.
Title: Clinical manifestations of children with COVIDâ€19: A systematic review Cord-id: 5nw3828d Document date: 2020_6_15
ID: 5nw3828d
Snippet: BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVIDâ€19) outbreak is an unprecedented global public health challenge, leading to thousands of deaths every day worldwide. Despite the epidemiological importance, clinical patterns of children with COVIDâ€19 remain unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratorial, and radiological characteristics of children with COVIDâ€19. METHODS: The Medline database was searched between December 1st 2019 and April 6th 2020. No language re
Document: BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVIDâ€19) outbreak is an unprecedented global public health challenge, leading to thousands of deaths every day worldwide. Despite the epidemiological importance, clinical patterns of children with COVIDâ€19 remain unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratorial, and radiological characteristics of children with COVIDâ€19. METHODS: The Medline database was searched between December 1st 2019 and April 6th 2020. No language restrictions were applied. Inclusion criteria were (a) studied patients younger than 18 years old; (b) presented original data from cases of COVIDâ€19 confirmed by reverseâ€transcription polymerase chain reaction; and (c) contained descriptions of clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, or radiological examinations. RESULTS: A total of 38 studies (1124 cases) were included. From all the cases, 1117 had their severity classified: 14.2% were asymptomatic, 36.3% were mild, 46.0% were moderate, 2.1% were severe, and 1.2% were critical. The most prevalent symptom was fever (47.5%), followed by cough (41.5%), nasal symptoms (11.2%), diarrhea (8.1%), and nausea/vomiting (7.1%). One hundred fortyâ€five (36.9%) children were diagnosed with pneumonia and 43 (10.9%) upper airway infections were reported. Reduced lymphocyte count was reported in 12.9% of cases. Abnormalities in computed tomography were reported in 63.0% of cases. The most prevalent abnormalities reported were groundâ€glass opacities, patchy shadows, and consolidations. Only one death was reported. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical manifestations of children with COVIDâ€19 differ widely from adult cases. Fever and respiratory symptoms should not be considered a hallmark of COVIDâ€19 in children.
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