Assessment of Potential Risk Factors for Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Among Health Care Workers

Kishk, Rania M.; Nemr, Nader; Aly, Hebatalla M.; Soliman, Nourhan H.; Hagras, Abeer M.; Ahmed, Ali A.A.; Kishk, Safaa M.; Mostafa, Mona; Louis, Nageh

BACKGROUND: Understanding COVID-19 infection among health workers and the risk factors for adverse outcomes is important not only for characterizing virus transmission patterns and risk factors for infection, but also for preventing the future infection of health workers and other patients and reducing secondary COVID-19 transmission within health care settings. Our aim was to identify risk factors for infection among health care workers to limit adverse events in health care facilities. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 336 HCWs from COVID-19 treatment hospitals took part in the study with varying COVID-19 exposure risk depending on job function and working site. All participants were asked about risk factors for COVID-19 infection. RESULTS: Among our participants, 42.6% were medical doctors, 28.6% nurses and 7.4% assistant nurses and 21.4% were others. Forty four percent of participants had work experience 5 – 10 years. More than half of participants received training in Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) (56.8%) about COVID 19; 91 % have hand hygiene facilities and 69 % admitted availability of PPE. More than half of participants admitted that they always follow IPC measures. Two thirds of participants (66.7%) had close contact with a patient since admission; 42.3 % were present in aerosolizing procedures for patients. Forty two percent of participants had respiratory symptom; the most common was sore throat representing (32.4%). The highest frequency of respiratory symptoms was among of nurses and assistant nurses 51 %. Frequency of respiratory symptoms was higher among those who contacted the patient directly or for prolonged period compared to those who don’t admitted these contacts. CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors for COVID-19 represented by those who were smokers, nurses and assistant nurses were more liable to catch COVID-19 than doctors as they contacted the patient directly for prolonged period or his/her body fluids, materials or surfaces around him.