Selected article for: "effect size and fold bias"
Author: Arlin Stoltzfus; Ryan W. Norris
Title: On the causes of evolutionary transition:transversion bias
  • Document date: 2015_9_28
    • ID: 4xocqn6o_44
    Snippet: These prior studies are inconclusive for 2 very general reasons. The first is that none reports an effect size sufficient to account for the evolutionary bias. For instance, Zhang's (2000) analysis of 3 possible conservative:radical distinctions finds that the distinction based on Miyata, et al (1979) yields the largest evolutionary effect size, which is a 2-fold effect, i.e., radical replacements are roughly half as likely to accumulate, relativ.....
    Document: These prior studies are inconclusive for 2 very general reasons. The first is that none reports an effect size sufficient to account for the evolutionary bias. For instance, Zhang's (2000) analysis of 3 possible conservative:radical distinctions finds that the distinction based on Miyata, et al (1979) yields the largest evolutionary effect size, which is a 2-fold effect, i.e., radical replacements are roughly half as likely to accumulate, relative to null expectations. However, though the effect of conservativeness is strong, the link reported between transitions and conservativeness is weak. According to Zhang (2000) , the chance that a transition is conservative by Miyata's measure is 35 %, compared to 33 % for transversions, a proportional difference of only 6 % (i.e., 2 / 33 = 0.06). Miyata-conservativeness may be a 2-fold evolutionary effect, but if transitions are only 6 % more Miyata-conservative than transversions, the overall bias will be far less than 2-fold.

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