Evaluation of a Post-Operative Rehabilitation Program in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Pilot Study

Nusca, Sveva Maria; Parisi, Attilio; Mercantini, Paolo; Gasparrini, Marcello; Pitasi, Francesco Antonio; Lacopo, Alessandra; Colonna, Vincenzo; Stella, Giulia; Cerulli, Claudia; Grazioli, Elisa; Tranchita, Eliana; Santoboni, Flavia; Latini, Eleonora; Trischitta, Donatella; Vetrano, Mario; Visco, Vincenzo; Pavan, Antonio; Vulpiani, Maria Chiara

This pilot study explores the effects of a post-operative physical exercise program on the quality of life (QoL) and functional and nutritional parameters of patients that underwent laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery, compared to usual care alone. The intervention group (IG) attended a 2-month-long supervised and combined exercise–training program during the post-operative period. Both IG and control group (CG) participated in the QoL, functional, and nutritional assessments before exercise training (T0), 2 months after the beginning of the exercise (end of treatment) (T1), and 2 (T2) and 4 (T3) months from the end of treatment. Eleven patients with colorectal cancer that underwent laparoscopic surgery were enrolled (six intervention; five control). The IG showed significant improvements compared to the CG in “Physical functioning” (PF2) (p = 0.030), “Cognitive functioning” (CF) (p = 0.018), and “Fatigue” (FA) (p = 0.017) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life-C30 Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) at T1; in SMWT (p = 0.022) at T1; in PF2 (p = 0.018) and FA (p = 0.045) of EORTC QLQ-C30 at T2, in phase angle (PhA) of bioelectrical impedance analysis (p = 0.022) at T3. This pilot study shows that a post-operative, combined, and supervised physical exercise program may have positive effects in improving the QoL, functional capacity, and nutritional status in patients that undergo laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery.