The utilization of buprenorphine in chronic pain.

Urits, Ivan; Pham, Cynthia; Swanson, Daniel; Berardino, Kevin; Bandi, Prudhvi; Amgalan, Ariunzaya; Kaye, Rachel J; Jung, Jai Won; Kaye, Alan D; Paladini, Antonella; Varrassi, Giustino; Kaye, Adam M; Manchikanti, Laxmaiah; Viswanath, Omar

Reclassification of chronic pain as a disease may be helpful because patients with chronic pain require significant treatment and rehabilitation with a clear diagnosis. This can help address critical factors including suffering, quality of life, participation, and with family and social life, which continue to become more important in evaluating the quality of the health care we give our patients today. During the past decade of the opioid epidemic, methadone was the primary treatment for opioid addiction until buprenorphine was approved. Buprenorphine's high-affinity partial agonist properties make it a good alternative to methadone due to lower abuse potential and safer adverse effect profile while maintaining significant efficacy. Expanded out-patient prescribing options have allowed physician and physician extenders such as physician assistants and nurse practitioners to treat these patients that otherwise would have been required to utilize methadone. With unique pharmacological properties, buprenorphine is a safe and effective analgesic for chronic pain. The literature for buprenorphine shows great potential for its utilization in the treatment of chronic pain.