Characteristics and outcomes of over 300,000 COVID-19 individuals with history of cancer in the United States and Spain.

Roel, Elena; Pistillo, Andrea; Recalde, Martina; Sena, Anthony G; Fernandez-Bertolin, Sergio; Aragon, Maria; Puente, Diana; Ahmed, Waheed-Ul-Rahman; Alghoul, Heba; Alser, Osaid; Alshammari, Thamir M; Areia, Carlos; Blacketer, Clair; Carter, William; Casajust, Paula; Culhane, Aedín C; Dawoud, Dalia; DeFalco, Frank; DuVall, Scott L; Falconer, Thomas; Golozar, Asieh; Gong, Mengchun; Hester, Laura; Hripcsak, George; Tan, Eng Hooi; Jeon, Hokyun; Jonnagaddala, Jitendra; Lai, Lana Yh; Lynch, Kristine E; Matheny, Michael E; Morales, Daniel R; Natarajan, Karthik; Nyberg, Fredrik; Ostropolets, Anna; Posada, Jose D; Prats-Uribe, Albert; Reich, Christian G; Rivera, Donna R; Schilling, Lisa M; Soerjomataram, Isabelle; Shah, Karishma; Shah, Nigam H; Shen, Yang; Spotnitz, Matthew; Subbian, Vignesh; Suchard, Marc A; Trama, Annalisa; Zhang, Lin; Zhang, Ying; Ryan, Patrick B; Prieto-Alhambra, Daniel; Kostka, Kristin; Duarte-Salles, Talita

BACKGROUND We described the demographics, cancer subtypes, comorbidities, and outcomes of patients with a history of cancer and COVID-19. Secondly, we compared patients hospitalized with COVID-19 to patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and patients hospitalized with influenza. METHODS We conducted a cohort study using eight routinely-collected healthcare databases from Spain and the US, standardized to the Observational Medical Outcome Partnership common data model. Three cohorts of patients with a history of cancer were included: i) diagnosed with COVID-19, ii) hospitalized with COVID-19, and iii) hospitalized with influenza in 2017-2018. Patients were followed from index date to 30 days or death. We reported demographics, cancer subtypes, comorbidities, and 30-day outcomes. RESULTS We included 366,050 and 119,597 patients diagnosed and hospitalized with COVID-19, respectively. Prostate and breast cancers were the most frequent cancers (range: 5-19% and 1-14% in the diagnosed cohort, respectively). Hematological malignancies were also frequent, with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma being among the 5 most common cancer subtypes in the diagnosed cohort. Overall, patients were aged above 65 years and had multiple comorbidities. Occurrence of death ranged from 2% to 14% and from 6% to 26% in the diagnosed and hospitalized COVID-19 cohorts, respectively. Patients hospitalized with influenza (n=67,743) had a similar distribution of cancer subtypes, sex, age and comorbidities but lower occurrence of adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Patients with a history of cancer and COVID-19 had multiple comorbidities and a high occurrence of COVID-19-related events. Hematological malignancies were frequent. IMPACT This study provides epidemiologic characteristics that can inform clinical care and etiological studies.