Avian infectious bronchitis virus disrupts the melanoma differentiation associated gene 5 (MDA5) signaling pathway by cleavage of the adaptor protein MAVS

Yu, Liping; Zhang, Xiaorong; Wu, Tianqi; Su, Jin; Wang, Yuyang; Wang, Yuexin; Ruan, Baoyang; Niu, Xiaosai; Wu, Yantao

Tissue distribution is an important characteristic of MDA5 function, as it influences the capacity of MDA5 to capture different viruses as they enter and proliferate in different tissues [22, 23] . Understanding the distribution patterns of MDA5 will enable us to explain the relationship between the immune system and viral infection, and help to identify the relationship between IBV and the host. Previous reports found that expression of the chMDA5 gene could be detected in all tissues examined [22, 23, 34] . Wenxin Zhang demonstrated that IBV failed to increase the MDA5 promoter activity and the expression of endogenous MDA5, which may be explained by the differences in virulence and adaptability of the IBV strain [36] . The expression of MDA5 was significantly upregulated in chicken intestine and lung after being infected with IBV, which in turn upregulated the expression of IFN-β and IFN-λ. Based on this distribution, chMDA5 can respond to invading pathogens as early as possible.