Author: Orwoll, Benjamin E.; Sapru, Anil
                    Title: Biomarkers in Pediatric ARDS: Future Directions  Document date: 2016_6_1
                    ID: 0n5apnle_17
                    
                    Snippet: A glycoprotein that has been highly associated with epithelial cell damage and increased permeability is Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) (107). KL-6 is present on alveolar type II pneumocytes and can be released in the serum or the alveolar lining fluid (108) . Elevated KL-6 levels in the blood and in BAL fluid have been associated with the development of ARDS (109-111) as well as worse ARDS outcomes in adult patients (109, 112, 113) . In a study o.....
                    
                    
                    
                     
                    
                    
                    
                    
                        
                            
                                Document: A glycoprotein that has been highly associated with epithelial cell damage and increased permeability is Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) (107). KL-6 is present on alveolar type II pneumocytes and can be released in the serum or the alveolar lining fluid (108) . Elevated KL-6 levels in the blood and in BAL fluid have been associated with the development of ARDS (109-111) as well as worse ARDS outcomes in adult patients (109, 112, 113) . In a study of children with ARDS compared with sepsis or traumatic brain injury, serum KL-6 was elevated in ARDS patients and higher levels were associated with increased mortality (35) . In that study, KL-6 levels were also correlated with measures of oxygenation, length of ventilation, and LOS. Other pediatric studies have demonstrated elevated serum KL-6 in infants with bronchiolitis (36) or BPD (29, 114) , as well as with respiratory complications in severely developmentally disabled children (115) and in pediatric interstitial lung disease (116) .
 
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