Author: Brisse, Morgan; Ly, Hinh
Title: Comparative Structure and Function Analysis of the RIG-I-Like Receptors: RIG-I and MDA5 Document date: 2019_7_17
ID: 1enteev7_42
Snippet: It has been demonstrated that certain RNA-DNA hybrid constructs with ribonucleotides at positions 2 and 5 of the DNA strand can bind to RIG-I and activate its ATPase activity (75) . ATPase activity is necessary for full activation of RIG-I and expression of IFNβ (75, 237) , so the minimum requirement of a motif not found in host RNA for ATPase activity has significant implications for the distinction between self and non-self RNAs. Expanding on .....
Document: It has been demonstrated that certain RNA-DNA hybrid constructs with ribonucleotides at positions 2 and 5 of the DNA strand can bind to RIG-I and activate its ATPase activity (75) . ATPase activity is necessary for full activation of RIG-I and expression of IFNβ (75, 237) , so the minimum requirement of a motif not found in host RNA for ATPase activity has significant implications for the distinction between self and non-self RNAs. Expanding on this observation, exogenous ATPase activity may also be sufficient to potentiate RIG-I and MDA5, as LGP2 ATPase mutant mice are significantly more susceptible to viral infection even in the presence of functional RIG-I and MDA5 (238) . However, this model is further complicated by certain RNA-DNA hybrids that are able to bind RIG-I and activate ATPase activity, but don't induce IFNβ expression (75) . It is currently undetermined whether such hybrids can sterically inhibit RIG-I due to the presence of mostly dNTPs or whether they inhibit RIG-I in a yet undescribed way.
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