Current Approaches on Viral Infection: Proteomics and Functional Validations

Zheng, Jie; Tan, Boon Huan; Sugrue, Richard; Tang, Kai

What is more, these emerging large-scale screening technologies have tremendous impact on deciphering pathogen-host interplays. For instance, antiviral immune responses by production of type-I IFNs upon virus infection are regulated by TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and I-kB kinase ε (IKKi). TBK1 was observed to play a more profound role than IKKi (Hemmi et al., 2004) . To understand the molecular interacting network of TBK1/IKKi involved in regulating IFNs upon virus infections, Goncalves et al. employed TAP based MS to study interacting partners of TBK1, IKKi, and their corresponding adaptor proteins, TANK, Sintbad, and NAP1. Consequently, MS identified 30 binding partners of these five proteins, representing a small interaction network of TBK1 and IKKi. Using RNA based microarray assay, overall changes at the transcription level were illustrated by intensity in response to virus infection or poly (I:C) simulation, and it was found that TBK1-TANK binding contributed greatly to the TBK1 activation (Goncalves et al., 2011) . Clinically, high throughput proteome microarray bearing antigens of HPVs was able to examine immune responses and antigenicity of HPV proteins in a vast number of patients' serum samples (Luevano et al., 2010) .