Evaluation of the Replication, Pathogenicity, and Immunogenicity of Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV) Serotypes 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9 in Rhesus Macaques

Khattar, Sunil K.; Nayak, Baibaswata; Kim, Shin-Hee; Xiao, Sa; Samal, Sweety; Paldurai, Anandan; Buchholz, Ursula J.; Collins, Peter L.; Samal, Siba K.

In summary, APMV of serotypes 2, 3, 7 and 9, and derivatives thereof with F cleavage site mutations replicated in rhesus macaques at a low-to-moderate level over a period of days. rAPMV-2 (type 1 Africa) and wt APMV7 showed the most consistent replication in both the upper and lower respiratory tract of rhesus macaques. Replication of APMV serotype 4 was undetectable in the upper respiratory tract; in the lower respiratory tract, a low level of shedding, close to the level of detection, was detected. No virus shedding was detectable from the upper or lower respiratory tract for any of the viruses after day 7 post-infection, indicating that replication of all of these viruses was self-limiting. Furthermore, there was no detectable spread of the any of these APMVs to the gastrointestinal tract (not shown). Only one of the viruses tested, namely wt APMV-5, could not be detected nasal washes or BAL from any of the inoculated animals.