Evaluation of the Replication, Pathogenicity, and Immunogenicity of Avian Paramyxovirus (APMV) Serotypes 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9 in Rhesus Macaques

Khattar, Sunil K.; Nayak, Baibaswata; Kim, Shin-Hee; Xiao, Sa; Samal, Sweety; Paldurai, Anandan; Buchholz, Ursula J.; Collins, Peter L.; Samal, Siba K.

For an overall comparison of virus replication in the lower respiratory tract, the sum of the daily BAL titers from days 2 to 8 was calculated for each animal, and the mean sum of daily titers of each virus was calculated (Table 3) . This identified wt rAPMV-4, rAPMV-4/Fc-BC, and wt AMPV-9 as the viruses with the lowest level of replication in the lower respiratory tract [in the order: wt rAPMV-4 (2.0 log 10 ) , rAPMV/4Fc-BC (2.5 log 10 ) , wt APMV-9 (2.8 log 10 )]. Wt APMV-2 and wt APMV-3 replicated to slightly higher overall levels [wt APMV-2 (4.1 log 10 ) , wt APMV3 (5.3 log 10 )], while rAPMV-2 (type 1 Africa), wt APMV-7, and rAPMV7/Fcs-5B were identified as the viruses with the highest mean sum of daily titers [rAPMV-2 (type 1 Africa) (6.3 log 10 ) , wt APMV-7 (6.4 log 10 ) , rAPMV7/Fcs-5B (7.1 log 10 )]. Interestingly, the mean sum of daily titers of rAPVM-2 with F cleavage site from type 1 Africa was significantly higher than that of wt rAPMV2, showing that the replacement of the F cleavage site by that of type 1 Africa significantly increased the replication of APMV-2 in the lower respiratory tract (One Way Anova with Tukey post-hoc analysis).