Selected article for: "life expectancy and marginal effect"
Author: Giovanni Sala; Tsuyoshi Miyakawa
Title: Association of BCG vaccination policy with prevalence and mortality of COVID-19
  • Document date: 2020_4_6
    • ID: 93b2ivio_20
    Snippet: We have reported that a large part of the variance in the two dependent variables is explained by life expectancy, while the effect of temperature seems to be marginal at best. This is not surprising, considering the fact that age is a major risk factor in COVID-19 18, 19 . Life expectancy is highly correlated with the income level of individuals 20 and countries 21 , which would also be related to the quality of medical care that people can rece.....
    Document: We have reported that a large part of the variance in the two dependent variables is explained by life expectancy, while the effect of temperature seems to be marginal at best. This is not surprising, considering the fact that age is a major risk factor in COVID-19 18, 19 . Life expectancy is highly correlated with the income level of individuals 20 and countries 21 , which would also be related to the quality of medical care that people can receive. If life expectancy is controlled, higher income and quality of medical care may decrease the risk and mortality of diseases in general, which is expected to decrease the positive effect of life expectancy on the risks in COVID-19. Considering the highly significant contribution of life expectancy on the risks, we could consider that the income level or the quality of medical care cannot be the confounding factor that explains the association between BCG vaccination and the risks in COVID-19. Regarding the tight relationships between age and mortality in COVID-19 18, 19 , BCG protection may wane with time since vaccination 22 , and it could be potentially contributing to the higher mortality in aged populations to some extent. These possibilities need to be examined by further analyses.

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